CBE Institutional Repository
This is the one stop center for accessing and sharing a wealth of academic and research resources produced by our member of staff. Our repository is therefore, dedicated to showcasing the exceptional scholarly work produced by our institution's faculty, researchers, and students. Some of the works produced may be:
- Research Papers
- Theses and Dissertations
- Conference Proceedings
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Recent Submissions
Assessment of Internal Migration Policies in Developing Countries: Evidence from Tanzania.
(Macrothink Institute, 2014) Msigwa, Robert E.; Bwana, Kembo M.
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of national policy and internal migration with the aim to provide some useful determinants in developing migration policies in Tanzania. The study used the multinomial logistic regression model to examine the internal migration factors which are very important in developing migration policies. Secondary data extracted from the National Bureau of Statistics was used for analysis. The study found out that gender,wage differentials, level of education, marital status and age are significant factors in developing migration policy in Tanzania. The study also revealed that more single male with less education make more movements than female. The study suggests that the government and policy makers to review some laws and regulations governing migration. In addition, it suggests that before imposing any restrictive policy, the government authorities are recommended to develop policies that reflect opportunities available in the country with the aim to reduce the negative effects of migration.
Factors for Teachers’ Low Use of ICT in Secondary Schools in Tanzania
(IJRISS, 2019-03) Banele, Shima D.
CT in education shifted classroom activities from traditional to technological mediated teaching and learning paradox. There are need to understand factors abided to teachers only on low use of ICT in secondary schools classroom teaching and learning activities. Purpose of the study dwelled to influence stakeholders on current ICT devices available in schools and teachers’ influencing factors replicated to low use of technologies so that to step in Tanzania secondary schools.
Descriptive cross sectional survey research design bedded into ethnographic methods allowed narrative nature of teachers’ norms and attitudes to emerge. 50 teachers, 12 heads of schools and 12 secondary schools from Kibaha district were selected using simple stratified and purposive procedures. Data was collected using structured checklist observations and Focus Group Discussion techniques. Reliability of the data collection instruments was determined by split-half method. Collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics; however the study findings had implication on use of ICT in secondary classroom.
Modeling Optimal Control of African Trypanosomiasis Disease with Cost-Effective Strategies.
(World Scientific Publishing Company., 2021-12-03) Liana, Yustina A.; Shaban, Nyimvua.; Mlay, Goodluck.
An optimal control model of African trypanosomiasis to minimize the cost of implementing control efforts and the number of infected humans, cattle, and tsetse-fly populations in their respective communities was formulated. Time-dependent controls such as public health education, human and cattle treatments, and tsetse-fly trapping were considered. Using Pontryagin’s maximum principle, the necessary conditions and the existence of an optimal control solution of an optimal control problem were analyzed. Using forward and backward in time fourth-order Runge–Kutta scheme, numerical simulations of the optimal control problem were performed. The results showed that the strategy involving public health education, treatment of humans, cattle treatment, and trapping of tsetse-flies was the most effective in reducing the number of infected individuals in their respective populations. Furthermore, the incremental cost-effectiveness analysis was performed, which showed that the tsetse-fly trapping was the most cost-effective strategy to implement in source limited settings.
Analysis of Batch Arrival General Service Queue with Balking, Feedback and Second Optional Service.
(Universal Wiser., 2023-08-01) Laxmi, P Vijaya.; Qrewi, Hasan A.; George, Andwilile A.
This paper aims to analyze the steady-state behavior of bulk input general service queue with a second optional service (SOS), balking, and feedback facility. In this study, the server provides two kinds of services such as first essential service (FES) and SOS. The FES is provided to all arriving customers to the system while SOS is only to those customers who demand additional service. When the customer completes FES and is not satisfied with the service, he may choose to rejoin the queue (feedback) or opt for SOS or depart from the system with a certain probability. We have computed the probability-generating function of the queue-length distribution after converting the non-Markovian to Markovian process by using a supplementary variable technique. This technique is used to solve the non-Markov queue model by taking the elapsed service times as the supplementary variable so that the process becomes Markovian. This study contributes to filling the gap in the analysis of batch arrival general service queues with balking, feedback, and SOS. Furthermore, we have presented the numerical results and cost optimization. The results reveal that the higher service rate in both FES and SOS helps the system manager to run the system effectively. Similarly, in cost optimization, the system manager should make emphasize choosing optimal service rates to have a cost-benefit and less congestion in the queueing system.
Modelling Petroleum Prices in Tanzania: A Comparative Analysis between ARIMA and Holt’s Method.
(International Journal of Management, Accounting and Economics, 2023-10-16) Gasper, Laban.; Abrahamu, Andwilile.
Petroleum is one of the vital sources of energy for economic activities and the most traded commodity worldwide. It is crucial to industry and civilization and as it meets a substantial portion of the world's energy requirements, it has a big impact on global politics and intergovernmental relations. Given the importance of oil to the economy, projecting crude prices has received a lot of focus in the literature. The primary goal of this research is to assess how well Holt's technique and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) forecast the petroleum prices in Tanzania. To determine whether the model is more reliable at predicting the prices of petrol in Tanzania, a comparative analysis was perfumed. Monthly data on petroleum prices were extracted from the bank of Tanzania website between February, 2004 to May, 2023. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean squared error (MSE) were used to evaluate the predictive ability of the ARIMA and double exponential smoothing models. The findings indicated that ARIMA (1,1,1) outperformed double exponential smoothing model for forecasting the prices of petrol in Tanzania. The result of this study will guide policy makers and investors in the energy sector to make wise decisions through accurate prediction of the price of petroleum in the future.